Testing of Beverages Contribution in order to Energy Intake during the summer and you may Winter season

Product out of Human Nutrition, Institution out-of Eating Research and you can Peoples Diet, Farming University regarding Athens, 75 Iera Odos St., Athens 11855, Greece; E-Mails: (O.M.); (V.B.); (Good.Z.)

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Abstract

All drinks hydrate and most also provide nutrients and energy. Our objective was to evaluate the www-linkki contribution of drinks to total energy intake in summer and winter. Data were obtained using the Water Balance Questionnaire (WBQ) from a sample of the general population in Athens, Greece (n = 984), 473 individuals (42 ± 18 years) in summer and 511 individuals (38 ± 20 years) in winter stratified by sex and age. The WBQ embeds a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire of 58 foods and the Short International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Data were analyzed for the contribution of drinks to total energy intake. In winter, total energy intake was 2082 ± 892 kcal/day; energy intake from drinks was 479 ± 286 kcal/day and energy expenditure 1860 ± 390 kcal/day. In summer, total energy intake was 1890 ± 894 kcal/day, energy intake from drinks 492 ± 499 kcal/day and energy expenditure 1830 ± 491 kcal/day. Energy intake from drinks in summer was higher than in winter (p < 0.001)> Keywords: water balance questionnaire WBQ, winter, summer, hydration, sugar-sweetened drinks, drink

1. Addition

Beverages regarding the types of tea, java, milk products, juice, sodas, diet drinks, energy beverages and liquor appear in a giant and you may growing number of options. Diversity touches taste preferences, nutritional criteria, and you will existence demands, and when many beverages appear, it’s more likely to come to euhydration .

Drinks lead everything twenty five%–50% regarding intake of water [2,step three,4], therefore he could be essential fulfilling every single day liquids requires and having euhydration. Hydration could have been in the restoration from regular physical and you can intellectual characteristics .

However, it has been debated that drinks contribute somewhat towards the growing obesity pricing globally [6,7], due to their energy blogs [8,nine,10]. In some knowledge, Glucose Sweetened Beverages (SSB) usage could have been of this putting on weight in children and people , if you find yourself evidence one coming down SSBs often reduce steadily the risk of carrying excess fat and you may associated disease such as for instance diabetes could have been seen while the persuasive . Times intake away from beverages has grown dramatically over the past 40 ages because of the around 222 calorie consumption per individual on a daily basis .

However, drinks about various categories don’t lead just as to times intake . The ability stuff of your own drink and consumption activities may suggest otherwise, we.elizabeth., certain caloric products are consumed rarely thus contributing little or no to each and every day times consumption. It has been contended you to definitely substitution sweetened caloric drinks which have liquid might help get rid of complete times consumption in the heavy consumers . Still, usage of sweetened caloric beverages was a complex material that be viewed outside of the caloric sum and in the fresh new framework away from losing weight models .

Moreover, likewise to eating application, individuals items such as for instance seasonality, physical exercise levels and you can sex could affect the fresh diversity within the take in options and you can sum so you can complete time consumption. This type of facts haven’t been fully examined; next studies in this region usually clarify the present day question of times consumption of slimming down supply and you may regarding products specifically.

Into the a past analysis held inside the Greece, with the Drinking water Equilibrium Survey (WBQ) equipment, we found that when you look at the 984 adults, 24% regarding water intake is inspired by drinks . There can be a keen unequivocal need after that involved in these results, elucidating the fresh contribution of drinks to full time intake and harmony.