He retains an useful view of technology and you can discovers the importance out of science inside predictions that may publication plan
Friedman initiate his essay by distinguishing in the a conventional method anywhere between positive and normative economics and you may conjecturing that coverage disputes are typically most problems regarding outcomes from solutions and certainly will therefore feel resolved by the improvements for the self-confident economics. Turning to positive business economics, Friedman asserts (rather than disagreement) that right anticipate regarding phenomena not yet observed is the ultimate purpose of all of the positive sciences.
Since it is hard and frequently impossible to would tests and since this new uncontrolled phenomena economists to see are difficult to help you interpret (because of the same causal difficulty one to bothered Mill), it is not easy to judge if a certain theory are a good a good basis for predictions or otherwise not. Tendencies are not universal rules. But not during these terms and conditions, Friedman stuff to criticisms out of tendencies one to in essence grumble you to definitely he or she is merely tendencies, in the place of universal laws. If his ailment avoided truth be told there, it could be practical, although it would avoid the trouble out-of knowledge and appraising says in the inclinations.
A claim for example “providers you will need to optimize winnings” is “unrealistic” in the same manner that it is maybe not a genuine common generalization
But Friedman draws a far more significant conclusion. 자세히 보기