Research regarding Products Sum so you can Time Intake during the summer and you can Winter season

Equipment regarding Individual Nourishment, Department of Restaurants Science and you may Individual Diet, Farming College out-of Athens, 75 Iera Odos St., Athens 11855, Greece; E-Mails: (O.M.); (V.B.); (An excellent.Z.)

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Abstract

All drinks hydrate and most also provide nutrients and energy. Our objective was to evaluate the contribution of drinks to total energy intake in summer and winter. Data were obtained using the Water Balance Questionnaire (WBQ) from a sample of the general population in Athens, Greece (n = 984), 473 individuals (42 ± 18 years) in summer and 511 individuals (38 ± 20 years) in winter stratified by sex and age. The WBQ embeds a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire of 58 foods and the Short International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Data were analyzed for the contribution of drinks to total energy intake. In winter, total energy intake was 2082 ± 892 kcal/day; energy intake from drinks was 479 ± 286 kcal/day and energy expenditure 1860 ± 390 kcal/day. In summer, total energy intake was 1890 ± 894 kcal/day, energy intake from drinks 492 ± 499 kcal/day and energy expenditure 1830 ± 491 kcal/day. Energy intake from drinks in summer was higher than in winter (p < 0.001)> Keywords: water balance questionnaire WBQ, winter, summer, hydration, sugar-sweetened drinks, drink

step 1. Addition

Drinks regarding the categories of tea, java, whole milk, fruit juice, sodas, diet plan products, energy drinks and you may liquor come in a big and you may expanding quantity of solutions. Assortment satisfies preferences tastes, health criteria, Bangladesh-naiset and existence demands, and if many beverages are available, it’s expected to reach euhydration .

Drinks contribute everything twenty five%–50% off drinking habits [dos,step three,4], for this reason they are very important to meeting every single day drinking water need and having euhydration. Hydration has been for the fix away from typical actual and intellectual functions .

not, it has been argued you to definitely beverages lead significantly to the expanding carrying excess fat prices in the world [six,7], simply because of its opportunity stuff [8,nine,10]. In certain degree, Glucose Sweetened Drinks (SSB) usage could have been associated with the weight gain in children and you may people , while evidence you to coming down SSBs have a tendency to reduce steadily the threat of obesity and you will associated ailment including diabetes could have been viewed just like the powerful . Times intake out of drinks has grown substantially for the past forty many years by just as much as 222 unhealthy calories for each person everyday .

Still, drinks on certain categories don’t lead equally in order to times consumption . The ability posts of one’s drink and additionally usage designs may suggest or even, i.elizabeth., specific caloric beverages could be consumed scarcely therefore contributing very little in order to daily time consumption. It has been contended one to replacement sweetened caloric products having h2o can help eradicate overall time intake when you look at the over weight users . Still, use of sweetened caloric beverages is a complicated situation that will be regarded outside of the caloric sum as well as in brand new context out of fat reduction patterns .

Also, as well to help you dining practices, some affairs instance seasonality, physical working out levels and you will sex can impact the fresh new variety into the take in selection and you can contribution to help you overall time intake. Such activities haven’t been completely examined; then education in this region will clarify the modern question of time consumption of weight reduction supplies and you may regarding drinks in particular.

Inside a previous research presented in Greece, with the Liquids Balance Survey (WBQ) device, we discovered that inside the 984 grownups, 24% out of water intake arises from products . There is an unequivocal need subsequent advanced within these conclusions, elucidating the latest sum of drinks to complete opportunity consumption and you can balance.